AS 9701 Organic Chemistry Part 10 | Alkenes | Electrophilic Addition | Markovnikov's Rule
Book a FREE demo class for Oct Nov 2022 session through the link below: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfPE9tCuecwBzjG5GNLdgp2dHRjC2eXGMef4ZnQixLfq9TUCg/viewform Visit our website for video courses and other resources: https://megalecture.com/courses/ 14.2 Alkenes Learning outcomes Candidates should be able to: 1 recall the reactions (including reagents and conditions) by which alkenes can be produced: (a) elimination of HX from a halogenoalkane by ethanolic NaOH and heat (b) dehydration of an alcohol, by using a heated catalyst (e.g. Al 2O3) or a concentrated acid (c) cracking of a longer chain alkane 2 describe the following reactions of alkenes: (a) the electrophilic addition of (i) hydrogen in a hydrogenation reaction, H2(g) and Pt/Ni catalyst and heat (ii) steam, H2O(g) and H3PO4 catalyst (iii) a hydrogen halide, HX(g) at room temperature (iv) a halogen, X2 (b) the oxidation by cold dilute acidified KMnO4 to form the diol (c) the oxidation by hot concentrated acidified KMnO4 leading to the rupture of the carbon–carbon double bond and the identities of the subsequent products to determine the position of alkene linkages in larger molecules (d) addition polymerisation exemplified by the reactions of ethene and propene 3 describe the use of aqueous bromine to show the presence of a C=C bond 4 describe the mechanism of electrophilic addition in alkenes, using bromine / ethene and hydrogen bromide /propene as examples 5 describe and explain the inductive effects of alkyl groups on the stability of primary, secondary and tertiary cations formed during electrophilic addition (this should be used to explain Markovnikov addition) AS Chemistry: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btS3uGZuFiUwalzUyE9cVhzz A2 Chemistry: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btSVYXa_SKXNbSHaU-DqdWLw AS Physics: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btQ1dPObKENtqGAV178gJw2m A2 Physics: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btSD0E7wPKSdzXv0skphYmha O level Physics: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btRtgJYV8QqH4dPs5vrVDoBA NET Physics: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btTlW2uRZCRPFQL7YMsLVGNk AS Maths: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btRzbFV0muwZLQfzuRD2D7RZ O level Maths: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btSBId5SBFz077ZU-jqdJobf NET Maths: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btTswFe9PCdyortlq8wqcr5g AS Business: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btR-Js1y_QCbacOXH3kT-qBb A2 Business: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btQpLQkG8XTjxLZEftH7wUL4 AS Economics: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btSMrlvcPdRyqO9gW557weZt A2 Economics: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btT5oM01t4N7H29suP8fnh1s SAT Sample Papers: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btR9mjBGT9bmBopuP2L9R1wo
Book a FREE demo class for Oct Nov 2022 session through the link below: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfPE9tCuecwBzjG5GNLdgp2dHRjC2eXGMef4ZnQixLfq9TUCg/viewform Visit our website for video courses and other resources: https://megalecture.com/courses/ 14.2 Alkenes Learning outcomes Candidates should be able to: 1 recall the reactions (including reagents and conditions) by which alkenes can be produced: (a) elimination of HX from a halogenoalkane by ethanolic NaOH and heat (b) dehydration of an alcohol, by using a heated catalyst (e.g. Al 2O3) or a concentrated acid (c) cracking of a longer chain alkane 2 describe the following reactions of alkenes: (a) the electrophilic addition of (i) hydrogen in a hydrogenation reaction, H2(g) and Pt/Ni catalyst and heat (ii) steam, H2O(g) and H3PO4 catalyst (iii) a hydrogen halide, HX(g) at room temperature (iv) a halogen, X2 (b) the oxidation by cold dilute acidified KMnO4 to form the diol (c) the oxidation by hot concentrated acidified KMnO4 leading to the rupture of the carbon–carbon double bond and the identities of the subsequent products to determine the position of alkene linkages in larger molecules (d) addition polymerisation exemplified by the reactions of ethene and propene 3 describe the use of aqueous bromine to show the presence of a C=C bond 4 describe the mechanism of electrophilic addition in alkenes, using bromine / ethene and hydrogen bromide /propene as examples 5 describe and explain the inductive effects of alkyl groups on the stability of primary, secondary and tertiary cations formed during electrophilic addition (this should be used to explain Markovnikov addition) AS Chemistry: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btS3uGZuFiUwalzUyE9cVhzz A2 Chemistry: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btSVYXa_SKXNbSHaU-DqdWLw AS Physics: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btQ1dPObKENtqGAV178gJw2m A2 Physics: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btSD0E7wPKSdzXv0skphYmha O level Physics: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btRtgJYV8QqH4dPs5vrVDoBA NET Physics: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btTlW2uRZCRPFQL7YMsLVGNk AS Maths: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btRzbFV0muwZLQfzuRD2D7RZ O level Maths: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btSBId5SBFz077ZU-jqdJobf NET Maths: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btTswFe9PCdyortlq8wqcr5g AS Business: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btR-Js1y_QCbacOXH3kT-qBb A2 Business: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btQpLQkG8XTjxLZEftH7wUL4 AS Economics: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btSMrlvcPdRyqO9gW557weZt A2 Economics: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btT5oM01t4N7H29suP8fnh1s SAT Sample Papers: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0U7Zwed3btR9mjBGT9bmBopuP2L9R1wo
