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https://www.facebook.com/Info.Scoop2022 https://www.instagram.com/info.scoop2022/ https://www.tiktok.com/@info.scoop infoscoop2022.blogspot.com What Happened After Alexander the Great Died? On 10/11 June 323 BC, King Alexander III of Macedon, better known as Alexander ‘the Great’, died in Babylon aged 32. In his lifetime, he had forged one of the largest empires the world had yet seen, theoretically stretching from Greece to the Punjab, from Egypt to Samarkand. What followed his death, however, was an imperial implosion. Almost immediately following Alexander’s death, troubles began to erupt across his empire. Within roughly 48 hours of his death, vicious unrest had seized Babylon as the Macedonian soldiers and generals argued over the succession. Within a few weeks of Alexander’s death, news of his passing had reached the prestigious city- state of Athens, triggering its anti-Macedonian demagogues to launch the city into full-blooded revolt against their northern neighbours. The Athenians commanded a powerful coalition of anti-Macedonian, Hellenic factions and city-states. Backed by their own rejuvenated army and navy, this Athenian-led revolt would prove a major test for those that outlived Alexander. Further afield, unrest sprang up in Thrace, Cappadocia and Bactra-Sogdia. As soon as Alexander the Great died, the thin thread holding much of his empire together disintegrated. Here’s the story of the crisis that ensued after his demise. Widespread rebellion As well as the Athenian revolt, trouble also brewed elsewhere after Alexander’s death. In Thrace (largely modern-day Bulgaria), the powerful Odrysian King Seuthes III had thrown off the shackles of Macedonian overlordship and proclaimed himself an independent monarch, possessing more than 30,000 soldiers. In Cappadocia, an independent Iranian warlord called Ariarathes reigned supreme, capable of fielding some 50,000 soldiers. Meanwhile, in faraway Bactria-Sogdia (modern-day northern Afghanistan and southern Uzbekistan), more than 20,000 disillusioned, veteran, Hellenic hoplites – who Alexander had left to garrison this distant frontier 5 years earlier – were set to rise up and march several thousand miles back to their Mediterranean homelands. Alexander’s successors Rebellion was rife in Alexander’s empire in the latter half of 323 BC. But who would have to deal with these revolts? Responsibility lay with Alexander’s former adjutants. These were the generals who had served alongside Alexander on his campaigns – figures such as Perdiccas, Ptolemy, Peithon and Craterus. These were the commanders who had played pivotal roles in Alexander achieving his conquests. From the elderly viceroy Antipater in Macedonia to the one-eyed veteran statesman Antigonus in Phrygia (central Turkey). Following Alexander’s death, it was many of these figures who rose to the fore. Nominally, they were subordinate to the empire’s new king, Philip Arrhidaeus III. Philip Arrhidaeus III was the elder half-brother of Alexander the Great. Philip, however, had a condition. We don’t know what this condition was, but it resulted in him being unable to rule without help. A second king was later crowned alongside Philip Arrhidaeus. This was Alexander the Great’s infant son, King Alexander IV). Because of Alexander’s young age, he too was incapable of ruling without aid. All of this meant that the monarchs were little more than royal figureheads. They did not hold true power; they were token monarchs. The real power lay with the leading statesmen nominally beneath them – the generals who had outlived Alexander the Great. Quashing unrest Having served alongside Alexander the Great and having played significant roles in numerous victories, these generals were highly confident individuals. They evoked Alexander the Great’s leadership style. They led from the front. They shared the risks of their soldiers. They were incredibly capable and charismatic leaders.
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